The Canadian Energy Regulatory Act was passed in 2019, replacing the National Energy Board. This is the primary federal law that governs federal energy infrastructure, cross border trade, and energy development in Canada. The Act outlines the authority of the Canada Energy Regulator and regulates the following key areas:

Energy Infrastructure

This oversees the construction, operation, safety, and abandonment of both interprovincial and international pipelines for oil, gas, and hydrogen. This also covers power lines designated for international use.

Trade and Economics

This oversees the imports and exports of natural gas, oil, and electricity as well as traffic, tolls, and tariffs for pipeline transportation.

Offshore and Frontier Options

Regulates oil and gas exploration, development, and production in frontier lands (ex: the northern territories) and federal offshore areas. This also oversees explorations into offshore renewable energy projects and offshore powerlines in federal marine areas.

Environmental and Safety Protection

Oversees facilities and regulations to protect people, property, and the environment.

Indigenous Reconciliation

Ensures respect of indigenous rights, integration of indigenous knowledge, and enhancement of regulatory authority and co-management.